Sun Mission Countries List: The Sun Mission, officially known as the International Solar Alliance (ISA), is a global initiative aimed at harnessing the abundant solar energy available in sunlight to address pressing energy and environmental challenges. It brings together countries that are situated within the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn, known as the “Sun Belt” regions, where sunlight is abundant throughout the year.
These countries, often characterized by their high solar irradiance, have joined forces to promote solar energy adoption, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and enhance energy security. The ISA fosters collaboration in solar technology development, capacity building, and investment in solar projects among its member countries, ultimately contributing to sustainable energy access and climate mitigation worldwide.
Sun Mission Countries List
| Space Mission | Country | Launch Date | Objective |
|---|---|---|---|
| SOHO (Solar and Heliospheric Observatory) | Joint mission by ESA (European Space Agency) and NASA (United States) | December 2, 1995 (though operational in the 2000s) | Study the Sun’s interior, outer atmosphere, and solar wind. |
| STEREO (Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory) | NASA (United States) | October 25, 2006 | Study solar phenomena, including coronal mass ejections, by providing stereoscopic observations of the Sun. |
| Hinode (Solar-B) | Japan (JAXA) with international collaboration | September 22, 2006 | Study the Sun’s magnetic field and its influence on the solar atmosphere. |
| SDO (Solar Dynamics Observatory) | NASA (United States) | February 11, 2010 | Observe the Sun in various wavelengths to understand its magnetic field, solar activity, and influence on space weather. |
| IRIS (Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph) | NASA (United States) | June 28, 2013 | Study the interface between the Sun’s photosphere and corona to understand the dynamics of this region. |
| SOHO (Solar and Heliospheric Observatory) | Joint mission by ESA (European Space Agency) and NASA (United States) | December 2, 1995 (though operational in the 2000s) | Study the Sun’s interior, outer atmosphere, and solar wind. |
| STEREO (Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory) | NASA (United States) | October 25, 2006 | Study solar phenomena, including coronal mass ejections, by providing stereoscopic observations of the Sun. |
| Hinode (Solar-B) | Japan (JAXA) with international collaboration | September 22, 2006 | Study the Sun’s magnetic field and its influence on the solar atmosphere. |
| SDO (Solar Dynamics Observatory) | NASA (United States) | February 11, 2010 | Observe the Sun in various wavelengths to understand its magnetic field, solar activity, and influence on space weather. |
| IRIS (Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph) | NASA (United States) | June 28, 2013 | Study the interface between the Sun’s photosphere and corona to understand the dynamics of this region. |
| Solar Orbiter | ESA (European Space Agency) with NASA collaboration | February 9, 2020 | Study the Sun’s polar regions and the solar wind to understand the Sun-Earth connection. |
| Parker Solar Probe | NASA (United States) | August 12, 2018 | Approach the Sun closer than any previous mission, studying its outer atmosphere and solar wind. |
| BepiColombo | ESA and JAXA (Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency) | October 20, 2018 | Primarily a mission to Mercury, but it carries instruments to study the solar wind and solar energetic particles. |
NASA Sun Mission Countries List
List of Solar Missions Launched
| Mission Name | Launch Year |
|---|---|
| SOHO | 1995 |
| STEREO | 2006 |
| Hinode (Solar-B) | 2006 |
| SDO | 2010 |
| IRIS | 2013 |
| Solar Orbiter | 2020 |
| Parker Solar Probe | 2018 |
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